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//
// deferred.hpp
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~
//
// Copyright (c) 2003-2024 Christopher M. Kohlhoff (chris at kohlhoff dot com)
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//

#ifndef BOOST_ASIO_DEFERRED_HPP
#define BOOST_ASIO_DEFERRED_HPP

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
# pragma once
#endif // defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)

#include <boost/asio/detail/config.hpp>
#include <tuple>
#include <boost/asio/associator.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/async_result.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/detail/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/detail/utility.hpp>

#include <boost/asio/detail/push_options.hpp>

namespace boost {
namespace asio {

/// Trait for detecting objects that are usable as deferred operations.
template <typename T>
struct is_deferred : false_type
{
};

/// Helper type to wrap multiple completion signatures.
template <typename... Signatures>
struct deferred_signatures
{
};

namespace detail {

// Helper trait for getting the completion signatures of the tail in a sequence
// when invoked with the specified arguments.

template <typename Tail, typename... Signatures>
struct deferred_sequence_signatures;

template <typename Tail, typename R, typename... Args, typename... Signatures>
struct deferred_sequence_signatures<Tail, R(Args...), Signatures...>
 : completion_signature_of<decltype(declval<Tail>()(declval<Args>()...))>
{
 static_assert(
 !is_same<decltype(declval<Tail>()(declval<Args>()...)), void>::value,
 "deferred functions must produce a deferred return type");
};

// Completion handler for the head component of a deferred sequence.
template <typename Handler, typename Tail>
class deferred_sequence_handler
{
public:
 template <typename H, typename T>
 explicit deferred_sequence_handler(H&& handler, T&& tail)
 : handler_(static_cast<H&&>(handler)),
 tail_(static_cast<T&&>(tail))
 {
 }

template <typename... Args>
 void operator()(Args&&... args)
 {
 static_cast<Tail&&>(tail_)(
 static_cast<Args&&>(args)...)(
 static_cast<Handler&&>(handler_));
 }

//private:
  Handler handler_;
  Tail tail_;
};

template <typename Head, typename Tail, typename... Signatures>
class deferred_sequence_base
{
private:
 struct initiate
 {
 template <typename Handler>
 void operator()(Handler&& handler, Head head, Tail&& tail)
 {
 static_cast<Head&&>(head)(
 deferred_sequence_handler<decay_t<Handler>, decay_t<Tail>>(
 static_cast<Handler&&>(handler), static_cast<Tail&&>(tail)));
 }
 };

Head head_;
  Tail tail_;

public:
 template <typename H, typename T>
 constexpr explicit deferred_sequence_base(H&& head, T&& tail)
 : head_(static_cast<H&&>(head)),
 tail_(static_cast<T&&>(tail))
 {
 }

template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signatures...) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) &&
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 initiate(), token, static_cast<Head&&>(this->head_),
 static_cast<Tail&&>(this->tail_)))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(initiate(),
 token, static_cast<Head&&>(head_), static_cast<Tail&&>(tail_));
 }

template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signatures...) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) const &
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 initiate(), token, this->head_, this->tail_))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 initiate(), token, head_, tail_);
 }
};

// Two-step application of variadic Signatures to determine correct base type.

template <typename Head, typename Tail>
struct deferred_sequence_types
{
 template <typename... Signatures>
 struct op1
 {
 typedef deferred_sequence_base<Head, Tail, Signatures...> type;
 };

template <typename... Signatures>
 struct op2
 {
 typedef typename deferred_sequence_signatures<Tail, Signatures...>::template
 apply<op1>::type::type type;
 };

typedef typename completion_signature_of<Head>::template
 apply<op2>::type::type base;
};

} // namespace detail

/// Used to represent an empty deferred action.
struct deferred_noop
{
 /// No effect.
 template <typename... Args>
 void operator()(Args&&...) &&
 {
 }

/// No effect.
 template <typename... Args>
 void operator()(Args&&...) const &
 {
 }
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <>
struct is_deferred<deferred_noop> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Tag type to disambiguate deferred constructors.
struct deferred_init_tag {};

/// Wraps a function object so that it may be used as an element in a deferred
/// composition.
template <typename Function>
class deferred_function
{
public:
 /// Constructor. 
 template <typename F>
 constexpr explicit deferred_function(deferred_init_tag, F&& function)
 : function_(static_cast<F&&>(function))
 {
 }

//private:
  Function function_;

public:
 template <typename... Args>
 auto operator()(Args&&... args) &&
 -> decltype(
 static_cast<Function&&>(this->function_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...))
 {
 return static_cast<Function&&>(function_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }

template <typename... Args>
 auto operator()(Args&&... args) const &
 -> decltype(Function(function_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...))
 {
 return Function(function_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <typename Function>
struct is_deferred<deferred_function<Function>> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Encapsulates deferred values.
template <typename... Values>
class BOOST_ASIO_NODISCARD deferred_values
{
private:
 std::tuple<Values...> values_;

struct initiate
 {
 template <typename Handler, typename... V>
 void operator()(Handler handler, V&&... values)
 {
 static_cast<Handler&&>(handler)(static_cast<V&&>(values)...);
 }
 };

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token, detail::index_sequence<I...>)
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, void(Values...)>(initiate(), token,
 std::get(static_cast<std::tuple<Values...>&&>(this->values_))...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, void(Values...)>(initiate(), token,
 std::get(static_cast<std::tuple<Values...>&&>(values_))...);
 }

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto const_invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token,
 detail::index_sequence<I...>)
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, void(Values...)>(
 initiate(), token, std::get(values_)...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, void(Values...)>(
 initiate(), token, std::get(values_)...);
 }

public:
 /// Construct a deferred asynchronous operation from the arguments to an
 /// initiation function object.
 template <typename... V>
 constexpr explicit deferred_values(
 deferred_init_tag, V&&... values)
 : values_(static_cast<V&&>(values)...)
 {
 }

/// Initiate the deferred operation using the supplied completion token.
 template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(Values...)) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) &&
 -> decltype(
 this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<Values...>()))
 {
 return this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<Values...>());
 }

template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(void(Values...)) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) const &
 -> decltype(
 this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<Values...>()))
 {
 return this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<Values...>());
 }
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <typename... Values>
struct is_deferred<deferred_values<Values...>> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Encapsulates a deferred asynchronous operation.
template <typename Signature, typename Initiation, typename... InitArgs>
class BOOST_ASIO_NODISCARD deferred_async_operation
{
private:
 typedef decay_t<Initiation> initiation_t;
 initiation_t initiation_;
 typedef std::tuple<decay_t<InitArgs>...> init_args_t;
 init_args_t init_args_;

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token, detail::index_sequence<I...>)
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signature>(
 static_cast<initiation_t&&>(initiation_), token,
 std::get(static_cast<init_args_t&&>(init_args_))...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signature>(
 static_cast<initiation_t&&>(initiation_), token,
 std::get(static_cast<init_args_t&&>(init_args_))...);
 }

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto const_invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token,
 detail::index_sequence<I...>) const &
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signature>(
 initiation_t(initiation_), token, std::get(init_args_)...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signature>(
 initiation_t(initiation_), token, std::get(init_args_)...);
 }

public:
 /// Construct a deferred asynchronous operation from the arguments to an
 /// initiation function object.
 template <typename I, typename... A>
 constexpr explicit deferred_async_operation(
 deferred_init_tag, I&& initiation, A&&... init_args)
 : initiation_(static_cast<I&&>(initiation)),
 init_args_(static_cast<A&&>(init_args)...)
 {
 }

/// Initiate the asynchronous operation using the supplied completion token.
 template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signature) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) &&
 -> decltype(
 this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>()))
 {
 return this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>());
 }

template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signature) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) const &
 -> decltype(
 this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>()))
 {
 return this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>());
 }
};

/// Encapsulates a deferred asynchronous operation thas has multiple completion
/// signatures.
template <typename... Signatures, typename Initiation, typename... InitArgs>
class BOOST_ASIO_NODISCARD deferred_async_operation<
 deferred_signatures<Signatures...>, Initiation, InitArgs...>
{
private:
 typedef decay_t<Initiation> initiation_t;
 initiation_t initiation_;
 typedef std::tuple<decay_t<InitArgs>...> init_args_t;
 init_args_t init_args_;

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token, detail::index_sequence<I...>)
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 static_cast<initiation_t&&>(initiation_), token,
 std::get(static_cast<init_args_t&&>(init_args_))...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 static_cast<initiation_t&&>(initiation_), token,
 std::get(static_cast<init_args_t&&>(init_args_))...);
 }

template <typename CompletionToken, std::size_t... I>
 auto const_invoke_helper(CompletionToken&& token,
 detail::index_sequence<I...>) const &
 -> decltype(
 async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 initiation_t(initiation_), token, std::get(init_args_)...))
 {
 return async_initiate<CompletionToken, Signatures...>(
 initiation_t(initiation_), token, std::get(init_args_)...);
 }

/// Initiate the asynchronous operation using the supplied completion token.
 template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signatures...) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) &&
 -> decltype(
 this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>()))
 {
 return this->invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>());
 }

template <BOOST_ASIO_COMPLETION_TOKEN_FOR(Signatures...) CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) const &
 -> decltype(
 this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>()))
 {
 return this->const_invoke_helper(
 static_cast<CompletionToken&&>(token),
 detail::index_sequence_for<InitArgs...>());
 }
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <typename Signature, typename Initiation, typename... InitArgs>
struct is_deferred<
 deferred_async_operation<Signature, Initiation, InitArgs...>> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Defines a link between two consecutive operations in a sequence.
template <typename Head, typename Tail>
class BOOST_ASIO_NODISCARD deferred_sequence :
 public detail::deferred_sequence_types<Head, Tail>::base
{
public:
 template <typename H, typename T>
 constexpr explicit deferred_sequence(deferred_init_tag, H&& head, T&& tail)
 : detail::deferred_sequence_types<Head, Tail>::base(
 static_cast<H&&>(head), static_cast<T&&>(tail))
 {
 }

#if defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
 template <typename CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) &&;

template <typename CompletionToken>
 auto operator()(CompletionToken&& token) const &;
#endif // defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <typename Head, typename Tail>
struct is_deferred<deferred_sequence<Head, Tail>> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Used to represent a deferred conditional branch.
template <typename OnTrue = deferred_noop, typename OnFalse = deferred_noop>
class BOOST_ASIO_NODISCARD deferred_conditional
{
private:
 template <typename T, typename F> friend class deferred_conditional;

// Helper constructor.
 template <typename T, typename F>
 explicit deferred_conditional(bool b, T&& on_true, F&& on_false)
 : on_true_(static_cast<T&&>(on_true)),
 on_false_(static_cast<F&&>(on_false)),
 bool_(b)
 {
 }

OnTrue on_true_;
  OnFalse on_false_;
  bool bool_;

public:
  /// Construct a deferred conditional with the value to determine which branch
  /// will be executed.
  constexpr explicit deferred_conditional(bool b)
    : on_true_(),
      on_false_(),
      bool_(b)
  {
  }

/// Invoke the conditional branch bsaed on the stored value.
 template <typename... Args>
 auto operator()(Args&&... args) &&
 -> decltype(static_cast<OnTrue&&>(on_true_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...))
 {
 if (bool_)
 {
 return static_cast<OnTrue&&>(on_true_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }
 else
 {
 return static_cast<OnFalse&&>(on_false_)(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }
 }

template <typename... Args>
 auto operator()(Args&&... args) const &
 -> decltype(on_true_(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...))
 {
 if (bool_)
 {
 return on_true_(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }
 else
 {
 return on_false_(static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }
 }

/// Set the true branch of the conditional.
 template <typename T>
 deferred_conditional<T, OnFalse> then(T on_true,
 constraint_t<
 is_deferred<T>::value
 >* = 0,
 constraint_t<
 is_same<
 conditional_t<true, OnTrue, T>,
 deferred_noop
 >::value
 >* = 0) &&
 {
 return deferred_conditional<T, OnFalse>(
 bool_, static_cast<T&&>(on_true),
 static_cast<OnFalse&&>(on_false_));
 }

/// Set the false branch of the conditional.
 template <typename T>
 deferred_conditional<OnTrue, T> otherwise(T on_false,
 constraint_t<
 is_deferred<T>::value
 >* = 0,
 constraint_t<
 !is_same<
 conditional_t<true, OnTrue, T>,
 deferred_noop
 >::value
 >* = 0,
 constraint_t<
 is_same<
 conditional_t<true, OnFalse, T>,
 deferred_noop
 >::value
 >* = 0) &&
 {
 return deferred_conditional<OnTrue, T>(
 bool_, static_cast<OnTrue&&>(on_true_),
 static_cast<T&&>(on_false));
 }
};

#if !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
template <typename OnTrue, typename OnFalse>
struct is_deferred<deferred_conditional<OnTrue, OnFalse>> : true_type
{
};
#endif // !defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)

/// Class used to specify that an asynchronous operation should return a
/// function object to lazily launch the operation.
/**
 * The deferred_t class is used to indicate that an asynchronous operation
 * should return a function object which is itself an initiation function. A
 * deferred_t object may be passed as a completion token to an asynchronous
 * operation, typically using the special value @c boost::asio::deferred. For
 * example:
 *
 * @code auto my_deferred_op
 *   = my_socket.async_read_some(my_buffer,
 *       boost::asio::deferred); @endcode
 *
 * The initiating function (async_read_some in the above example) returns a
 * function object that will lazily initiate the operation.
 */
class deferred_t
{
public:
  /// Default constructor.
  constexpr deferred_t()
  {
  }

/// Adapts an executor to add the @c deferred_t completion token as the
 /// default.
 template <typename InnerExecutor>
 struct executor_with_default : InnerExecutor
 {
 /// Specify @c deferred_t as the default completion token type.
 typedef deferred_t default_completion_token_type;

/// Construct the adapted executor from the inner executor type.
 template <typename InnerExecutor1>
 executor_with_default(const InnerExecutor1& ex,
 constraint_t<
 conditional_t<
 !is_same<InnerExecutor1, executor_with_default>::value,
 is_convertible<InnerExecutor1, InnerExecutor>,
 false_type
 >::value
 > = 0) noexcept
 : InnerExecutor(ex)
 {
 }
 };

/// Type alias to adapt an I/O object to use @c deferred_t as its
 /// default completion token type.
 template <typename T>
 using as_default_on_t = typename T::template rebind_executor<
 executor_with_default<typename T::executor_type>>::other;

/// Function helper to adapt an I/O object to use @c deferred_t as its
 /// default completion token type.
 template <typename T>
 static typename decay_t<T>::template rebind_executor<
 executor_with_default<typename decay_t<T>::executor_type>
 >::other
 as_default_on(T&& object)
 {
 return typename decay_t<T>::template rebind_executor<
 executor_with_default<typename decay_t<T>::executor_type>
 >::other(static_cast<T&&>(object));
 }

/// Creates a new deferred from a function.
 template <typename Function>
 constraint_t<
 !is_deferred<decay_t<Function>>::value,
 deferred_function<decay_t<Function>>
 > operator()(Function&& function) const
 {
 return deferred_function<decay_t<Function>>(
 deferred_init_tag{}, static_cast<Function&&>(function));
 }

/// Passes through anything that is already deferred.
 template <typename T>
 constraint_t<
 is_deferred<decay_t<T>>::value,
 decay_t<T>
 > operator()(T&& t) const
 {
 return static_cast<T&&>(t);
 }

/// Returns a deferred operation that returns the provided values.
 template <typename... Args>
 static constexpr deferred_values<decay_t<Args>...> values(Args&&... args)
 {
 return deferred_values<decay_t<Args>...>(
 deferred_init_tag{}, static_cast<Args&&>(args)...);
 }

/// Creates a conditional object for branching deferred operations.
 static constexpr deferred_conditional<> when(bool b)
 {
 return deferred_conditional<>(b);
 }
};

/// Pipe operator used to chain deferred operations.
template <typename Head, typename Tail>
inline auto operator|(Head head, Tail&& tail)
 -> constraint_t<
 is_deferred<Head>::value,
 decltype(static_cast<Head&&>(head)(static_cast<Tail&&>(tail)))
 >
{
 return static_cast<Head&&>(head)(static_cast<Tail&&>(tail));
}

/// A @ref completion_token object used to specify that an asynchronous
/// operation should return a function object to lazily launch the operation.
/**
 * See the documentation for boost::asio::deferred_t for a usage example.
 */
constexpr deferred_t deferred;

} // namespace asio
} // namespace boost

#include <boost/asio/detail/pop_options.hpp>

#include <boost/asio/impl/deferred.hpp>

#endif // BOOST_ASIO_DEFERRED_HPP